{"id":109256,"date":"2021-08-11T10:41:06","date_gmt":"2021-08-11T02:41:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/109256\/"},"modified":"2021-08-11T10:41:06","modified_gmt":"2021-08-11T02:41:06","slug":"ung-dung-cua-chat-don-khoang-phi-kim-loai-trong-lop-phu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/109256\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n kho\u00e1ng phi kim lo\u1ea1i trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7"},"content":{"rendered":"
L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nh\u1edbt) ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng c\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u hay kh\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 bao g\u1ed3m d\u1ea7u, nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xi m\u0103ng v\u00f4 c\u01a1, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng r\u1eafn. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia v\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u1ec5 bay h\u01a1i.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n, c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eaft. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nhu\u1ed9m m\u00e0u v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ea9n trong m\u00e0ng ph\u1ee7. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng s\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u k\u00e9o d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 bao g\u1ed3m xanh \u0111\u00e1, chu sa, s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 kho\u00e1ng, xanh phthalocyanin, xanh phthalocyanin, v.v., v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i bao g\u1ed3m canxi cacbonat, b\u1ed9t talc, cao lanh, bentonit v\u00e0 axit sulfuric.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1eafng cao; k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n t\u1ed1t; h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 d\u1ea7u th\u1ea5p; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng san l\u1ea5p m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1t; n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc; n\u00f3 c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p; H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh; v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t h\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n kho\u00e1ng phi kim lo\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m canxi cacbonat, bari sunfat, talc, wollastonite, cao lanh, bentonit, diatomit, v.v.<\/p>\n
Canxi n\u1eb7ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 g\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng axit k\u00e9m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n
Canxi n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n titan \u0111ioxit v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u, thay th\u1ebf canxi nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 canxi cacbonat k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t gia t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n
Khi canxi n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u01a1n ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btr\u00fac n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ed9t talc. So v\u1edbi b\u1ed9t tan, canxi cacbonat c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9t, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a s\u01a1n s\u00e1ng m\u00e0u v\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ea5m.<\/p>\n
So v\u1edbi canxi n\u1eb7ng, canxi nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t h\u1eb9p, \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00fat d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng cao. Canxi nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ee7 b\u00f3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. Ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n l\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n canxi nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 canxi n\u1eb7ng trong s\u01a1n b\u00e1n b\u00f3ng, m\u1edd v\u00e0 s\u01a1n m\u1ee7 m\u1edd.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed9 h\u00fat d\u1ea7u th\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eafng cao, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u1ecbn, ch\u1ed1ng n\u1edf, ch\u1ed1ng r\u1ec9 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u01a1n ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, s\u01a1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n, s\u01a1n s\u00e0n. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng s\u01a1n. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7. Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng cao, s\u01a1n d\u1ec5 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a.<\/p>\n
N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 l\u1eafng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 s\u1eafc t\u1ed1. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi n\u00f3 ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng, n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho s\u01a1n b\u1ecb ch\u1ea3y x\u1ec7. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t gi\u00e3n n\u1edf v\u00e0 co l\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi c\u00f4ng, tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u1ee9t n\u1ebb v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho s\u01a1n ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1eeda v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n. Talc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u01a1n l\u00f3t. S\u01a1n l\u00f3t cho k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ed9t tan, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng s\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u01a1n l\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho s\u01a1n l\u00f3t kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n giao th\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng s\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 s\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u01a1n tr\u1eafng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 s\u01a1n m\u00e0u s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 tinh khi\u1ebft. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m bong tr\u00f3c c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng tr\u00f4i ph\u1ea5n t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n
Cao lanh c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u1ec1m, v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u01a1n cao su, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc t\u1ed1, t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a titanium dioxide trong s\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng ph\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00fat n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n