{"id":111464,"date":"2021-09-22T11:47:05","date_gmt":"2021-09-22T03:47:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/111464\/"},"modified":"2021-09-22T11:47:05","modified_gmt":"2021-09-22T03:47:05","slug":"ung-dung-cua-graphene-sau-khi-phan-loai-luong-khong-khi-trong-nhieu-linh-vuc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/111464\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a graphene sau khi ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c"},"content":{"rendered":"
Graphene l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m hot hi\u1ec7n nay. Graphene l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng khi c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a graphene c\u0169ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng phi th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
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1. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a graphen<\/strong><\/p>\n Graphene c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u1ed1t, t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t, t\u00ednh d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c. L\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u200b\u200btr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u00e0 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ng\u00e0nh s\u01b0\u1edfi m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 phim s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, graphene c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec7t. Khi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng graphene \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed cacbon trong m\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1t n\u00f3ng t\u1ea1o ra phonon, ion v\u00e0 electron trong \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ph\u00e2n t\u1eed cacbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau. Ma s\u00e1t v\u00e0 va ch\u1ea1m (c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng Brown) t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u theo c\u00e1ch ph\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00e1c tia h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i xa.<\/p>\n Sau khi graphene \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ed5ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 h\u01a1n 99%, v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau d\u1eabn \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t gia nhi\u1ec7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi phim s\u01b0\u1edfi d\u00e2y kim lo\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n, tia h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng\u201d.<\/p>\n 2. Nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a graphene \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1edfi b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u00f3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn graphene l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nano \u0111\u01a1n electron. Lo\u1ea1i b\u00f3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn n\u00e0y ngay t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00f3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn graphene linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u00f3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn graphene l\u00e0 ch\u00fang d\u1ec5 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y cao. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho b\u00f3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn graphene v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n b\u00f3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn silicon<\/a>, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 vi m\u1ea1ch. Ngo\u00e0i ra, do nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a graphene, lo\u1ea1i b\u00f3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1ea5p l\u1ea1i c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 cao.<\/p>\n C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh (nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, v.v.) v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ra (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n). V\u00ec graphene c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u1edbn, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh quang h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed9 linh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1t t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n cao, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao, n\u00ean graphene c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn sinh h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00f3ng b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn DNA v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n V\u1edbi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u1ee7a pin lithium, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i pin lithium kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m phong ph\u00fa. Pin Lithium-ion \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n, c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng, qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, pin lithium v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Graphene c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c khung pin kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a pin v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea1c-x\u1ea3.<\/p>\n D\u00e2y d\u1eabn trong su\u1ed1t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t cao, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng, \u0111i\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \/ \u0111\u1ea7u ra. C\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn trong su\u1ed1t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c oxit b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite bao g\u1ed3m graphene, silicon<\/a>, kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng nano cacbon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m m\u00e0ng d\u1eabn trong su\u1ed1t. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng graphene-silicon<\/a> cao t\u1edbi 94%, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 0,45S \/ cm. Lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n trong su\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n Graphene v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng th\u00eam graphene v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean Graphene c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn quan tr\u1ecdng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n Graphene v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t phong ph\u00fa, h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ea5m, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 linh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed cao. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00fac t\u00e1c r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Graphene l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t tr\u01a1 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a graphene v\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t mang x\u00fac t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c, do \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ed9t graphene c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Graphene l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m hot hi\u1ec7n nay. Graphene l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng khi c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a graphene c\u0169ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng phi th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":111440,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[830],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-111464","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-industry-news"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111464","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=111464"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/111464\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/111440"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=111464"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=111464"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=111464"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
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