{"id":112922,"date":"2021-11-02T11:37:56","date_gmt":"2021-11-02T03:37:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/112922\/"},"modified":"2021-11-02T11:37:56","modified_gmt":"2021-11-02T03:37:56","slug":"chat-don-khoang-va-vai-tro-cua-chung-trong-lop-phu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/112922\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n kho\u00e1ng v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7"},"content":{"rendered":"
Filler c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (nh\u01b0 nh\u1ef1a, cao su, gi\u1ea5y, s\u01a1n,\u2026) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1m r\u0103ng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u1ebb v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n tr\u01a1; lo\u1ea1i c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gia c\u01b0\u1eddng, v.v., c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n
Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Theo th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n v\u00f4 c\u01a1, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n kho\u00e1ng, ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n
1. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t \u1edf d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n, v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n, nh\u01b0ng h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt, so s\u00e1nh h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc h\u1ea1t<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n 2. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n<\/p>\n Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. H\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 Hurlbut chia th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n th\u00e0nh 4 lo\u1ea1i: oxit, mu\u1ed1i, ch\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1.<\/p>\n 3. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5<\/p>\n C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n kho\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Theo l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh h\u01a1n 10 lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n nh\u1ef1a, ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n cao su, ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n gi\u1ea5y, ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n s\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n s\u01a1n.<\/p>\n 1. \u0110\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 khung x\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n trong s\u01a1n, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng s\u01a1n, gi\u00fap m\u00e0ng s\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eb7n v\u00e0 r\u1eafn ch\u1eafc.<\/p>\n 2. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh l\u01b0u bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n 3. C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng s\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n 4. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh quang h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 m\u1edd.<\/p>\n 5. Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3i qua ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0ng ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n 6. L\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n 7. N\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng s\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed1ng g\u1ec9, ch\u1ed1ng \u1ea9m, ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, v.v.<\/p>\nVai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7:<\/h4>\n