{"id":114259,"date":"2021-11-23T13:42:58","date_gmt":"2021-11-23T05:42:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/114259\/"},"modified":"2021-11-23T13:42:58","modified_gmt":"2021-11-23T05:42:58","slug":"phan-loai-va-nguyen-ly-lam-viec-cua-may-nghien-phan-luc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/114259\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c"},"content":{"rendered":"
M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec1n si\u00eau m\u1ecbn, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec1n. Sau khi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00e9n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n b\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh, l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed si\u00eau \u00e2m qua c\u00e1c v\u00f2i phun v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m v\u00e0o bu\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec1n b\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00f4i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia t\u1ed1c h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m giao nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f2i phun, t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef d\u1ed9i S\u1ef1 va ch\u1ea1m, ma s\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u1ec1n si\u00eau m\u1ecbn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n
V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t nh\u1edd lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111i l\u00ean. D\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c ly t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a b\u00e1nh xe ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c h\u00fat c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea1t, b\u1ed9t th\u00f4 v\u00e0 m\u1ecbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra. Lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111i v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch xyclon, b\u1ee5i m\u1ecbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc t\u00fai thu gom, v\u00e0 kh\u00ed tinh khi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i ra ngo\u00e0i nh\u1edd qu\u1ea1t h\u00fat c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng. M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n ph\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng do c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n
C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o: N\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m bu\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec1n, l\u1ed7 m\u1edf v\u00f2i phun, c\u1eeda x\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ea7u ra d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o kh\u00ed n\u00e9n, v\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, v.v.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c: Kh\u00ed n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao qua v\u00f2i phun. Khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o bu\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u1ea1p li\u1ec7u, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft b\u1edfi d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. S\u1ef1 va ch\u1ea1m m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ma s\u00e1t m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0m cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u xay th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m si\u00eau m\u1ecbn. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n si\u00eau m\u1ecbn c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t phi kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn trong d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u. Theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c tinh ch\u1ebf h\u01a1n, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh. Do hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t Joule-Thomson g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed n\u00e9n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i sau trong ng\u00e0nh. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u0129a n\u1eb1m ngang (ph\u1eb3ng), m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c \u1ed1ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n, m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i.<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n
Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0i d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed: d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed n\u00e9n kh\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f2i phun, tia ph\u1ee5t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn l\u00e0m cho nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u va ch\u1ea1m, c\u1ecd x\u00e1t v\u00e0 n\u00e9n ch\u1eb7t. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecbn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu gom b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu gom. N\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i bu\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec1n, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u1ec1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecbn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 d\u1eebng \u0111\u00f4ng k\u1ebft. Do gradien v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c cao g\u1ea7n v\u00f2i phun, n\u00ean h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n x\u1ea3y ra g\u1ea7n v\u00f2i phun. Trong bu\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec1n, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 va ch\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 va ch\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nghi\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 va ch\u1ea1m ho\u1eb7c ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec1n si\u00eau m\u1ecbn, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec1n. Sau khi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00e9n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n b\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh, l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed si\u00eau \u00e2m qua c\u00e1c v\u00f2i phun v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m v\u00e0o bu\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec1n b\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00f4i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":86177,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[886,887],"class_list":["post-114259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi","tag-nghien-khi-nen","tag-xay-sieu-min"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114259","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=114259"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114259\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/86177"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=114259"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=114259"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=114259"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}