![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/PLA.png\")
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PLA (axit polylactic) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t tinh b\u1ed9t t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00ean men sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c axit lactic, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. PLA c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1edfi vi sinh v\u1eadt. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng PLA c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u00e0nh CO2 v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y k\u00edch \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n
PLA c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 polypropylene, trong khi \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 trong v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 polystyrene, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n polyolefin. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u bao b\u00ec, s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec7t,\u2026 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf PLA n\u00f3i chung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p m\u1edf v\u00f2ng (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lactide). Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p polycondensation tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p PC ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a axit lactic \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m cacboxyl v\u00e0 hydroxyl khi c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed axit lactic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c polycondens \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u1ea5p. polyme, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed b\u1ecb kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 PLA th\u00e0nh PLA th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p dung d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p pha r\u1eafn n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, trong \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p m\u1edf v\u00f2ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ROP, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, monome axit lactic \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p lactide, sau \u0111\u00f3 lactide k\u1ebft tinh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c PLA. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c PLA v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ef1c cao. N\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 700.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 1 tri\u1ec7u (PLA tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nhanh ch\u00f3ng, c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y t\u1ebf; PLA tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed cao c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ee3i, d\u1ec7t, nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 bao b\u00ec) , v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n nay Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p axit polylactic ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n
Axit polylactic c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, m\u00f4 \u0111un cao, \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ebft tinh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 qu\u00e1 ch\u1eadm trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chu k\u1ef3 x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t k\u00e9m, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m axit polylactic. . Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a axit polylactic l\u00e0 th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u1ea7m v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, talc l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o m\u1ea7m v\u00f4 c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t cho axit polylactic, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00e9o v\u00e0 u\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a polylactic axit, vv C\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n
Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PLA to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 653.500 t\u1ea5n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PLA ch\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Th\u00e1i Lan, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c. American Nature Works l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PLA l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 180.000 t\u1ea5n, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 30% n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PLA to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PLA \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i mu\u1ed9n, v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a lactide ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. V\u00ec l\u00fd do k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u Lactide, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y PLA kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kho\u1ea3ng 48.000 t\u1ea5n \/ n\u0103m v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kho\u1ea3ng 18.000 t\u1ea5n \/ n\u0103m.<\/p>\n
PLA c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong bao b\u00ec nh\u1ef1a, y sinh v\u00e0 s\u1ee3i d\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u00f4 h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a PLA khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m bao b\u00ec th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, bao b\u00ec s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng ph\u1ee7 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. PLA c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eb5n, \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n PS (polystyrene) v\u00e0 PET (polyethylene terephthalate) \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1ef1a. S\u1ee3i ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y PLA t\u00edch h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u1ea9m v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o khu\u00f4n, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ee3i d\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, PLA c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch sinh h\u1ecdc tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd t\u1ed1t. Sau khi ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y, n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra carbon dioxide v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00f4 h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Do \u0111\u00f3, PLA ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y sinh h\u1ecdc, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t m\u00f4 (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u00edt x\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ea5m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00edch c\u1eafm), b\u0103ng v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 da nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o), ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i thu\u1ed1c (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n) v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e2u).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
PLA (axit polylactic) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t tinh b\u1ed9t t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00ean men sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c axit lactic, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":117041,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-117065","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117065","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=117065"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/117065\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/117041"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=117065"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=117065"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=117065"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}