![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/quartz-glass.jpeg\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 \u201cv\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec7n\u201d trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u th\u1ee7y tinh. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee7y tinh v\u1edbi SiO2 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n duy nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf trong ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quang h\u1ecdc, truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng quang h\u1ecdc, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1t th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh thay cho qu\u1eb7ng tinh th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh<\/p>\n
(1) V\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t, th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. \u0110i\u1ec3m h\u00f3a m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (1665 \u00b0 C) g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1ch kim; H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p (\u03b1 = 5,4 \u00d7 10-7 \/ \u00b0 C), ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 1\/10 ~ 1\/20 c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y tinh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Trong n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng v\u1ee1.<\/p>\n
(2) V\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 k\u00e9m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu axit t\u1ed1t (tr\u1eeb axit flohi\u0111ric), v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi axit ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y ch\u1ecbu axit \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t axit, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ee7y tinh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n
(3) V\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n s\u00e1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quang ph\u1ed5.<\/p>\n
(4) V\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf (1016\u03a9m) \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng g\u1ea5p 100 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi th\u1ee7y tinh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (1014\u03a9m), ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n cao t\u1ea7n v\u00e0 cao \u00e1p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh<\/p>\n
(1) Ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn: C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch anh l\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 ti\u00eau hao b\u00e1n d\u1eabn quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn. Silica<\/a> trong th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i axit n\u00e0o ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb axit flohydric v\u00e0 axit photphoric. C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n (2) S\u1ee3i quang: V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1ee7y tinh silica<\/a> l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u00eau hao ch\u00ednh trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00f4i s\u1ee3i quang v\u00e0 k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i quang. Chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 th\u1ea5p, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng r\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ee3i quang h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng truy\u1ec1n theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n, c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t cao v\u1ec1 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1. , v\u00ec v\u1eady th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ee3i quang h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00f4i, \u1ed1ng l\u00f2, \u1ed1ng th\u1ea1ch anh, v.v.<\/p>\n (3) Quang h\u1ecdc: C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 quang h\u1ecdc. Th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh trong su\u1ed1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh quang h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng n\u00e0o trong ph\u1ea1m vi 185-3500m\u03bc, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n tia c\u1ef1c t\u00edm cho d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n tia h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n (4) Quang \u0111i\u1ec7n: Trong c\u00e1c m\u1eaft x\u00edch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quang \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh l\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 ti\u00eau hao c\u1ee9ng. Ch\u00e9n th\u1ea1ch anh l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u silicon<\/a> \u0111a tinh th\u1ec3 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y do \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o thanh silicon<\/a> \u0111\u01a1n tinh th\u1ec3 \/ th\u1ecfi silicon \u0111a tinh th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n (5) Ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n: Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh gia d\u1ee5ng, y t\u1ebf, giao th\u00f4ng, gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e8n xenon cho chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng \u00f4 t\u00f4, \u0111\u00e8n di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n tia c\u1ef1c t\u00edm cho v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8n metal halide cho gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh l\u00e0m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n (6) C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1: Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u00e0u con thoi. Th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e9n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c “t\u00e2m m\u00e0u” d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tia n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong v\u1ec7 tinh v\u00e0 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ea1ch anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 \u201cv\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec7n\u201d trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u th\u1ee7y tinh. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee7y tinh v\u1edbi SiO2 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n duy nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t si\u00eau c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":118716,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118740","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118740","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118740"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118740\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/118716"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118740"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118740"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118740"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}