{"id":118817,"date":"2022-09-16T09:59:39","date_gmt":"2022-09-16T01:59:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/118817\/"},"modified":"2022-09-16T09:59:39","modified_gmt":"2022-09-16T01:59:39","slug":"nhung-rao-can-doi-voi-qua-trinh-tinh-che-cua-cat-thach-anh-co-do-tinh-khiet-cao-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/118817\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tinh ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1t th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng qua t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, x\u1eed l\u00fd tinh th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ebf s\u00e2u c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea1ch anh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn tinh th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng,\u2026 n\u00ean kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao th\u00f4ng qua ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tinh ch\u1ebf th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nghi\u1ec1n th\u1ea1ch anh m\u1ea1ch ho\u1eb7c quartzit \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c h\u00f2a tan c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tinh ch\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ba qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh: ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd, x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 nghi\u1ec1n, nghi\u1ec1n, s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, t\u00e1ch t\u1eeb t\u00ednh, ng\u00e2m chua v\u00e0 rang b\u1eb1ng clo. Quy tr\u00ecnh tinh ch\u1ebf th\u1ea1ch anh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a qu\u1eb7ng g\u1ed1c: qu\u1eb7ng th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng natri cao c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t cacbonat c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng canxi v\u00e0 magie cao c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng axit clohydric.<\/p>\n

C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ba b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tinh ch\u1ebf c\u00e1t th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

(1) Li\u00ean k\u1ebft ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u00e0 s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c nghi\u1ec1n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u1ea1ch anh th\u00e0nh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t mong mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd ti\u1ebfp theo. N\u00f3i chung, nghi\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, nghi\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i quang h\u1ecdc, nghi\u1ec1n si\u00eau \u00e2m, nghi\u1ec1n s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

(2) Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1eadt l\u00fd. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1eadt l\u00fd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m nghi\u1ec1n, t\u00e1ch m\u00e0u, t\u00e1ch t\u1eeb, tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong th\u1ea1ch anh.<\/p>\n

(3) C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. So v\u1edbi th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp s\u00e2u trong c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 l\u1eabn t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t. T\u1ea9y chua, r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i v\u00e0 clo h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ba qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o kh\u00f3 tinh ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t?<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t trong th\u1ea1ch anh. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t trong th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thanh l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh, thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 th\u1ea1ch anh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 clorit, rutil, tourmaline, canxit, fluorit, muscovit, biotit, sphalerit, hematit, pyrit, m\u00e0o tinh, cordierit, fenspat, amphibole, garnet, pyroxen, topaz, ilmenit v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt s\u00e9t, v.v., nh\u1eefng kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh trong th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn th\u1ea1ch anh.<\/p>\n

Fe: \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t s\u1eaft kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, ch\u00e0 r\u1eeda, r\u1eeda axit h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i, t\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c, t\u00e1ch t\u1eeb t\u00ednh v\u00e0 r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i b\u1eb1ng vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t s\u1eaft.<\/p>\n

Al: C\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t nh\u00f4m trong qu\u1eb7ng th\u1ea1ch anh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf d\u1ea1ng kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt fenspat, mica v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00e0 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n ch\u1ee9a nh\u00f4m \u1edf d\u1ea1ng fenspat, vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ecfi th\u1ea1ch anh lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u00e1ch fenspat v\u00e0 th\u1ea1ch anh. B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt silicat khung c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nhau, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch t\u1eeb t\u00ednh. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i axit h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ea1ch anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao hay kh\u00f4ng theo h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Al v\u00e0 Ti trong th\u1ea1ch anh. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Al v\u00e0 Ti trong th\u1ea1ch anh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tinh ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c tinh ch\u1ebf m\u1ecbn s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Al v\u00e0 Ti trong th\u1ea1ch anh l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a th\u1ea1ch anh. Theo \u0111\u00f3, khi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Al v\u00e0 Ti trong th\u1ea1ch anh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 25ug \/ g v\u00e0 10\u03bcg \/ g th\u1ea1ch anh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tinh ch\u1ebf c\u00e1t th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf th\u1ea1ch anh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng qua t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, x\u1eed l\u00fd tinh th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ebf s\u00e2u c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea1ch anh<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":118793,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-118817","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118817","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118817"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118817\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/118793"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118817"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118817"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118817"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}