{"id":125765,"date":"2023-02-17T14:12:36","date_gmt":"2023-02-17T06:12:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/125765\/"},"modified":"2023-02-17T14:12:37","modified_gmt":"2023-02-17T06:12:37","slug":"6-loai-cong-nghe-sua-doi-va-dac-diem-cua-attapulgite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/125765\/","title":{"rendered":"6 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a attapulgite"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Attapulgite l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng s\u00e9t silicat gi\u00e0u magi\u00ea d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp nano v\u1edbi tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o. N\u00f3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n attapulgite c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn m\u1edbi V\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o c\u0169ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

1. S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n

Attapulgite lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p, n\u01b0\u1edbc zeolit, n\u01b0\u1edbc tinh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n gia nhi\u1ec7t, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed7 x\u1ed1p c\u1ee7a attapulgite. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 110\u00b0C, attapulgite ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc zeolit tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i; t\u1eeb 250 \u0111\u1ebfn 650\u00b0C, khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean, tinh th\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n; khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 800\u00b0C, Attapulgite thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i d\u1ea1ng que sang d\u1ea1ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang gi\u1ea3m, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 y\u1ebfu \u0111i. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a attapulgite th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u1edf 500-800 \u00b0 C.<\/p>\n

2. Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i mu\u1ed1i axit-baz\u01a1<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh axit l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng axit clohydric, axit nitric ho\u1eb7c axit sunfuric \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 cacbonat nh\u01b0 th\u1ea1ch anh, montmorillonite<\/a> v\u00e0 kaolinite trong \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t attapulgite, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea1o v\u00e9t l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. X\u1eed l\u00fd ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh mu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ion kim lo\u1ea1i trong ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cation nh\u01b0 Fe3+, Mg2+, Na+ n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp attapulgite \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ion l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i mu\u1ed1i axit-baz\u01a1 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u1ea3i sau khi s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

3. X\u1eed l\u00fd vi s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng vi s\u00f3ng l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gia nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng vi s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo v\u00e0 x\u1ed1p nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 x\u1eed l\u00fd rang, nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p vi s\u00f3ng l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd thay th\u1ebf x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd xanh. X\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng si\u00eau \u00e2m l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cavitation si\u00eau \u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao ho\u1eb7c s\u00f3ng xung k\u00edch m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f3c t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u00e1c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p attapulgite \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a attapulgite.<\/p>\n

4. S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 nh\u00fang ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00ean attapulgite trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n axit v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a attapulgite \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Do b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a attapulgite th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e2m n\u00ean ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t cation th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i amoni b\u1eadc b\u1ed1n alkyl trimetyl v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i amin.<\/p>\n

5. S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n gh\u00e9p v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i gh\u00e9p<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n li\u00ean k\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh ch\u1ee9a c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m \u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m k\u1ef5 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a attapulgite v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 th\u00f4ng qua ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m hydroxyl tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a attapulgite. Bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh gh\u00e9p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 attapulgite \u0111\u1ec3 gh\u00e9p c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t attapulgite nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m h\u1eefu c\u01a1. Trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, attapulgite th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

6. Carbon h\u00f3a th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cacbon h\u00f3a th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu c\u01a1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i gh\u00e9p, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng glucose, fructose, cellulose v\u00e0 axit chloroacetic l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n carbon, v\u00e0 hydroxyl, nh\u00f3m carboxyl, li\u00ean k\u1ebft ether, nh\u00f3m aldehyde v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p v\u00e0o attapulgite \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Attapulgite l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng s\u00e9t silicat gi\u00e0u magi\u00ea d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp nano v\u1edbi tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":125729,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-125765","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/125765"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=125765"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/125765\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/125729"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=125765"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=125765"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=125765"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}