![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/white-kaolin-clay-large.jpeg\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Theo ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1t c\u1ee7a qu\u1eb7ng cao lanh, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i: c\u1ee9ng, m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 cao lanh c\u00e1t. Cao lanh c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ebbo, nh\u01b0ng sau khi nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh; cao lanh m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1t ch\u1ee9a trong n\u00f3 \u00edt h\u01a1n 50%; Cao lanh c\u00e1t c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u l\u1ecfng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo k\u00e9m. N\u00f3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n sau khi lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1t ch\u1ee9a trong n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 50%.<\/p>\n
Cao lanh tinh khi\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eafng cao, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ec1m, d\u1ec5 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u01a1 l\u1eedng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt cao, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi; c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00f2a tan axit t\u1ed1t, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i cation th\u1ea5p, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t L\u00fd h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y.<\/p>\n
\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a cao lanh<\/p>\n
1. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng cao lanh trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c xi m\u0103ng<\/p>\n
Kaolin<\/a> tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh metakaolin do m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Xi m\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ki\u1ec1m, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00ea t\u00f4ng. Cao lanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thi c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a b\u00ea t\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 co ng\u00f3t t\u1ef1 sinh c\u1ee7a b\u00ea t\u00f4ng. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean xi m\u0103ng cao lanh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n 2. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a cao lanh trong ng\u00e0nh g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9<\/p>\n Trong ng\u00e0nh g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cao lanh s\u1edbm h\u01a1n c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, th\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 20% \u200b\u200b\u0111\u1ebfn 30% trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c. Cao lanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng A1203 trong g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh mullite d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n thi\u00eau k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9.<\/p>\n 3. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a cao lanh trong ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ecbu l\u1eeda<\/p>\n Do c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 cao n\u00ean cao lanh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ecbu l\u1eeda. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu l\u1eeda ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i: g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ecbu l\u1eeda v\u00e0 len silicon<\/a>-nh\u00f4m, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ecf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao bao g\u1ed3m cao lanh, bauxite, bentonite, v.v. \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t ch\u1ecbu l\u1eeda.<\/p>\n 4. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng cao lanh bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh trong s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7<\/p>\n Cao lanh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n cho s\u01a1n v\u00e0 s\u01a1n t\u1eeb l\u00e2u v\u00ec m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb, t\u00ednh l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i cation tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1edbn. Cao lanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m cao lanh si\u00eau m\u1ecbn \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eeda v\u00e0 cao lanh si\u00eau m\u1ecbn nung.<\/p>\n 5. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a cao lanh trong ng\u00e0nh s\u01a1n<\/p>\n TiO2, CaC03, talc, kaolin<\/a> l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u kho\u00e1ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh s\u01a1n. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, cao lanh c\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng oxit m\u00e0u. Do c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, t\u00ednh l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 t\u1ed1t, t\u00ednh tr\u01a1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng che ph\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c, cao lanh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t thay th\u1ebf s\u1eafc t\u1ed1 trong s\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n 6. Cao lanh d\u00f9ng trong ng\u00e0nh nh\u1ef1a<\/p>\n L\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n, cao lanh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb 15% \u0111\u1ebfn 60% trong ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a m\u1ecbn m\u00e0ng, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, gi\u1ea3m co ng\u00f3t nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t polyvinyl clorua, cao lanh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n 7. Cao lanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh trong l\u00f2 nung ao<\/p>\n Cao lanh, c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eaft th\u1ea5p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 silicon<\/a>, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt k\u00e9o s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh trong l\u00f2 h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 quang h\u1ecdc. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a vi b\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t kaolinite l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1ebd s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh trong l\u00f2, v\u00e0 s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh trong l\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a ki\u1ec1m c\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi b\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t kaolinite.<\/p>\n 8. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a cao lanh trong ng\u00e0nh gi\u1ea5y<\/p>\n Trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea5y, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao lanh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 doanh s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9, cao su, s\u01a1n, nh\u1ef1a, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu l\u1eeda v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c. Trong b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y, cao lanh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i t\u1ed1t trong s\u1ee3i gi\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n 9. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng cao lanh trong ng\u00e0nh cao su<\/p>\n