{"id":128085,"date":"2023-08-08T11:19:38","date_gmt":"2023-08-08T03:19:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/128085\/"},"modified":"2023-08-08T11:19:38","modified_gmt":"2023-08-08T03:19:38","slug":"cong-nghe-tan-dung-toan-dien-phe-thai-chua-canxi-va-magie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/128085\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9a canxi v\u00e0 magie"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i chung, ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i canxi-magi\u00ea l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t canxi ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t magi\u00ea \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7n th\u1ea3i, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t canxi v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t magi\u00ea chi\u1ebfm h\u01a1n 50% t\u1ed5ng d\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i (c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00f4). D\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i canxi-magi\u00ea ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m x\u1ec9 canxi cacbua, x\u1ec9 ki\u1ec1m, ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t pho, ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng h\u00f3a s\u1eefa v\u00f4i, v.v.<\/p>\n

1. C\u1eb7n th\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i Ca(OH)2<\/p>\n

L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9t x\u1ec9 cacbua canxi quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m canxi cacbonat nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao v\u00e0 c\u1eb7n trung t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc, l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 r\u1eeda, l\u1ecdc cacbon h\u00f3a CO2, s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec1n. Yan Xin et al. \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t canxi cacbua l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u1ec9 canxi cacbua v\u00e0 CO2 d\u01b0 th\u1eeba c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chung axetylen, canxi cacbonat nh\u1eb9 c\u1ea5p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 xi m\u0103ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u201c\u0103n kh\u00f4 v\u1eaft ki\u1ec7t\u201d nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 canxi trong \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

2. Ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i Ca(OH)2 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng magie cao<\/p>\n

C\u1eb7n th\u1ea3i x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ee9a c\u1ea3 CaCO3 v\u00e0 Ca(OH)2, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi r\u1ea5t gi\u00e0u Mg(OH)2, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u1eb7n th\u1ea3i Ca(OH)2 c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng magie cao, v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Chuy\u1ec3n c\u1eb7n th\u1ea3i x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng h\u00f3a sang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee7 khu\u1ea5y, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ecdc NH4Cl v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch l\u1ecdc \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh; dung d\u1ecbch l\u1ecdc thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cacbon h\u00f3a cho ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng cacbon h\u00f3a CO2 I, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 pH \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, sau khi l\u1ecdc, r\u1eeda v\u00e0 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canxi cacbonat nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch l\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n cho ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ecdc. Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o c\u1eb7n l\u1ecdc sau khi l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 khu\u1ea5y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, sau \u0111\u00f3 cho CO2 \u0111i qua \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng cacbon h\u00f3a II, l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng cacbon h\u00f3a II, d\u1ecbch l\u1ecdc thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch magie bicacbonat, dung d\u1ecbch magie bicacbonat c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m bay h\u01a1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m MgCO3, c\u1eb7n l\u1ecdc thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1eb7n trung t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng tan.<\/p>\n

D\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra v\u00e0 thu h\u1ed3i th\u00e0nh canxi cacbonat nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng cacbon h\u00f3a CO2 I, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng cacbon h\u00f3a CO2 II, ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t, t\u00e1ch l\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c, t\u00e1ch l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c. , MgCO3 hai v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1eb7n trung t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eb7n b\u00e3 x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn CO2, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c x\u1ea3 ba ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi v\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1eb7n b\u00e3 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, L\u1ee3i \u00edch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

3. B\u00e3 th\u1ea3i CaCO3 magie cao<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t pho tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u0103m b\u01b0\u1edbc bao g\u1ed3m ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nung, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng cacbon h\u00f3a l\u1ecfng l\u1ecdc I, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng cacbon h\u00f3a x\u1ec9 l\u1ecdc II, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng cacbon h\u00f3a II, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng amon h\u00f3a d\u1ecbch l\u1ecdc, v.v. Sau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch, s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd kh\u00e1c Sau khi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m bao g\u1ed3m canxi cacbonat nh\u1eb9 c\u1ea5p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, Mg(OH)2 v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1t pho \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

Sau khi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn CaCO3 v\u00e0 MgCO3 trong qu\u1eb7ng \u0111u\u00f4i ph\u1ed1t pho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra, ch\u00fang l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m canxi cacbonat nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 Mg(OH)2 c\u1ea5p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. Ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ph\u1ed1t pho \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng P2O5 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 30%. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m 3 A c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng cao, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 qu\u1eb7ng \u0111u\u00f4i ph\u1ed1t pho \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

4. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a CaCO3 trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 99,9% v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 cadmium, asen, ch\u00ec v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 canxi cacbonat nh\u1eb9 c\u1ea5p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c . C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng canxi cacbonat nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eafng cao n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m canxi cacbonat c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 canxi cacbonat c\u1ea5p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u1ea5p 2 ~ 3 l\u1ea7n gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a canxi cacbonat nh\u1eb9 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 , l\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i canxi-magi\u00ea ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m x\u1ec9 canxi cacbua, x\u1ec9 ki\u1ec1m, ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1t pho, ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng h\u00f3a s\u1eefa v\u00f4i, v.v.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":128048,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-128085","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/128085","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=128085"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/128085\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/128048"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=128085"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=128085"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=128085"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}