{"id":130464,"date":"2023-12-25T10:24:01","date_gmt":"2023-12-25T02:24:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/130464\/"},"modified":"2023-12-25T10:24:02","modified_gmt":"2023-12-25T02:24:02","slug":"cac-van-de-ky-thuat-chinh-cua-bot-sieu-min-su-phan-tan-va-ket-tu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/130464\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn – s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u1ed9t ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, t\u00e1ch, x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m h\u1ea1t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Hi\u1ec7n nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 ba l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn: l\u1ef1c li\u00ean ph\u00e2n t\u1eed g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn; l\u1ef1c t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5; v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n

1. L\u1ef1c li\u00ean ph\u00e2n t\u1eed g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 b\u1ed9t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn<\/p>\n

Khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kho\u00e1ng si\u00eau m\u1ecbn d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c van der Waals gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00fat nhau v\u00e0 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft hydro, c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i \u01b0\u1edbt b\u1ecb h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea1t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh v\u00e0 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

2. L\u1ef1c t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5<\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd si\u00eau m\u1ecbn c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kho\u00e1ng, do va \u0111\u1eadp, ma s\u00e1t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t n\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c \u00e2m t\u00edch t\u1ee5 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn m\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n nh\u00f4 ra tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t n\u00e0y mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n nh\u00f4 ra mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u00e2m. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u00fang h\u00fat nhau v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau \u1edf c\u00e1c g\u00f3c nh\u1ecdn khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 L\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

3. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed<\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 65%, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 do s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n b\u1ed9t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng pha kh\u00ed v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n trong pha l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n trong pha l\u1ecfng: 1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. (Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1c c\u1eaft b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e0i, nghi\u1ec1n bi th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, nghi\u1ec1n bi rung, nghi\u1ec1n keo, nghi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, khu\u1ea5y c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc , v.v.) \u00a02. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p si\u00eau \u00e2m<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n trong pha kh\u00ed: 1. L\u00e0m kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n 2. \u00a0Ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc (Ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n l\u1ef1c b\u00e1m d\u00ednh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi \u0111\u0129a c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t quay t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c tia ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.) 3. Ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ed9t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn, c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u00f9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1edbi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t si\u00eau m\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u1ed9t ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, t\u00e1ch, x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m h\u1ea1t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":130426,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-130464","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130464"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=130464"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130464\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/130426"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=130464"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=130464"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=130464"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}