{"id":130652,"date":"2024-01-10T13:53:53","date_gmt":"2024-01-10T05:53:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/130652\/"},"modified":"2024-01-10T13:53:53","modified_gmt":"2024-01-10T05:53:53","slug":"6-loai-phuong-phap-bien-doi-than-gangue","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/130652\/","title":{"rendered":"6 lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i than Gangue"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 than, t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch khai th\u00e1c th\u00eam gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a than v\u00e0 \u201cbi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh kho b\u00e1u\u201d \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u0111a, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i than gangue \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng cao gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m than \u0111\u00e1 t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u00e2u xa v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gangue than ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m x\u1eed l\u00fd axit ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec1m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 h\u00f3a, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nung, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n
1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n
M\u00e0i c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eadt l\u00fd ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Gangue than nghi\u1ec1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t r\u1eafn. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t tinh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a gangue than, v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4. Khi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh ch\u1ebf, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t vi m\u00f4 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n
2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i axit ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec1m<\/p>\n
Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i axit l\u00e0 h\u00f2a tan c\u00e1c ion kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f2a tan trong axit nh\u01b0 Al, Fe v\u00e0 Ca trong gangue than th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecdc axit, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang b\u00ean trong gangue v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a than gangue; Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i axit c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gangue than \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh h\u1eefu c\u01a1 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/p>\n
Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a gangue than \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh h\u1eefu c\u01a1 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a gangue than th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, t\u00ednh \u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a gangue, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra gangue than. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a gangue than v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a gangue than.<\/p>\n
4. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh nung<\/p>\n
Bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh nung l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kaolinit c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ea5p trong gangue th\u00e0nh metakaolinit c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh cao th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nung \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. \u0110\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a gangue than c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nung. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nung c\u1ee7a gangue than ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nung v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian nung. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c pha cao lanh kh\u00e1c nhau trong than gangue. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong gangue than bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 nung.<\/p>\n
5. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n
Gangue than bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a gangue than d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t si\u00eau t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a gangue than m\u00e0 c\u00f2n thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a gangue than \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u00e0ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed zeolite, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1ch cao v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
6. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t<\/p>\n
Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gangue. S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i duy nh\u1ea5t \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed3ng. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a gangue than bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi gangue than \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c nhau. Nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a gangue than, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite gangue than v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n trong gangue, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gangue than ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m x\u1eed l\u00fd axit ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec1m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 h\u00f3a, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nung, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":130615,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-130652","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130652","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=130652"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130652\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/130615"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=130652"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=130652"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=130652"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}