{"id":130730,"date":"2024-01-22T14:09:15","date_gmt":"2024-01-22T06:09:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/130730\/"},"modified":"2024-01-22T14:09:16","modified_gmt":"2024-01-22T06:09:16","slug":"5-loai-phuong-phap-bien-doi-be-mat-chinh-cua-soi-carbon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/130730\/","title":{"rendered":"5 lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i carbon"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

S\u1ee3i carbon (CF), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gia c\u1ed1 composite m\u1edbi, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a CF t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1eb5n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i tr\u01a1 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u00ean t\u00ednh \u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00e9m, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh k\u00e9m v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 r\u01a1i ra. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa CF v\u00e0 c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p ma tr\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i carbon ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i gh\u00e9p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i oxy h\u00f3a, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i plasma v\u00e0 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1edbp, trong \u0111\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd gh\u00e9p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i, li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi ma tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i carbon m\u1ecbn, c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u00f3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1m ch\u1eafc v\u00e0o ma tr\u1eadn. Trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh. M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u00e1m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i carbon m\u1ecbn th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd, t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c r\u00e3nh ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ma tr\u1eadn. Polyme ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1t nano c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y trong s\u1ee3i. Trong c\u00e1c r\u00e3nh tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 polyme c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f3a c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi nhau th\u00f4ng qua h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng kh\u00f3a li\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 ma tr\u1eadn, c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n giao di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

1. S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 s\u1ee3i carbon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 mu\u1ed1i kim lo\u1ea1i, h\u1ee3p kim kim lo\u1ea1i, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nano carbon, v.v., th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh phun, l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, polyme, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p sol-gel v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee7. Sau khi ph\u1ee7, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t CF c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

2. Gh\u00e9p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/p>\n

Gh\u00e9p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee3i carbon l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i CF \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean. So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 oxy h\u00f3a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, vi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap polyme gh\u00e9p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t CF. Th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng gh\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t CF v\u00e0 c\u00e1c polyme v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t CF, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n giao di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite.<\/p>\n

3. X\u1eed l\u00fd oxy h\u00f3a<\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd oxy h\u00f3a s\u1ee3i carbon l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t CF m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9a oxy, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh giao di\u1ec7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ( I E). \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

4. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng plasma l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u carbon. Plasma n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee7 cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t CF, l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i carbon \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa CF v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n. X\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng plasma c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao, xanh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

5. S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i chung<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb n\u00eau tr\u00ean \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, CF bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh th\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 CF, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng dung m\u00f4i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c; \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1eed l\u00fd plasma r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m; trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u01b0\u1edbt M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a pha kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a CF v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nano ho\u1eb7c polyme gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i carbon r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, khi s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i carbon, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1edbp b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi nhau. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a x\u1eed l\u00fd bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i carbon trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i carbon m\u1ecbn, c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u00f3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1m ch\u1eafc v\u00e0o ma tr\u1eadn. Trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":130694,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-130730","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130730","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=130730"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130730\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/130694"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=130730"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=130730"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=130730"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}