{"id":130950,"date":"2024-02-18T11:24:11","date_gmt":"2024-02-18T03:24:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/130950\/"},"modified":"2024-02-18T11:24:12","modified_gmt":"2024-02-18T03:24:12","slug":"8-khai-niem-ve-dat-set-bentonite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/130950\/","title":{"rendered":"8 Kh\u00e1i Ni\u1ec7m V\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea5t S\u00e9t Bentonite"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1. Bentonit<\/p>\n

Bentonite<\/a>, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “bentonite” ho\u1eb7c “bentonite”, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t phi kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi montmorillonite l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf illite, kaolinite, zeolite, fenspat v\u00e0 canxit v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c. Montmorillonite H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a bentonite<\/a> t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

2. Montmorillonite<\/p>\n

Smectite l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecd kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ea5t s\u00e9t Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh Smectite l\u00e0 h\u1ecd, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u1ecd smectite hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ecd smectite. Nh\u00f3m kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m hai ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m l\u00e0 dioctah th\u1edd v\u00e0 trioctah th\u1edd, v\u00e0 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee5c lo\u00e0i kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n. Bentonite<\/a> th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m hai m\u1eb7t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 montmorillonite, beidellite, nontronite, v.v..<\/p>\n

3. Natri bentonite<\/a> v\u00e0 canxi bentonite<\/p>\n

Do m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ion silicon<\/a> v\u00e0 ion nh\u00f4m trong t\u1ee9 di\u1ec7n silicon-oxy v\u00e0 b\u00e1t di\u1ec7n nh\u00f4m-oxy th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c cation gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb kh\u00e1c n\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 montmorillonite c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u00e2m v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb montmorillonite s\u1ebd h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u00e1c cation c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

Theo lo\u1ea1i, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc k\u1ebft tinh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cation c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f3 trong bentonite<\/a>, bentonite \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh canxi bentonite, natri bentonite, magie bentonite v\u00e0 canxi-natri bentonite. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hai c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. .<\/p>\n

4. Bentonite<\/a> h\u1eefu c\u01a1<\/p>\n

Organobentonite \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c cation amoni h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c cation c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i trong montmorillonite, bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a montmorillonite, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n trung t\u00e2m h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 m\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh organobentonite k\u1ef5 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u01b0a m\u1ee1. t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

Organobentonite c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh organobentonite c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt cao, organobentonite d\u1ec5 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, organobentonite t\u1ef1 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 organobentonite c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao theo ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

5. Liti bentonit<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean bentonit lithium t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Do \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf lithium bentonite<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Lithium bentonite<\/a> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh gel trong dung m\u00f4i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf bentonite h\u1eefu c\u01a1. Lithium bentonite<\/a> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1edf, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0 l\u01a1 l\u1eedng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed3n th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 xeton th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, s\u01a1n latex, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9 cellulose h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

6. \u0110\u1ea5t s\u00e9t ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea5t s\u00e9t ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t (ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 bentonite<\/a>) l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh axit h\u00f3a v\u00f4 c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c x\u1eed l\u00fd mu\u1ed1i. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng nh\u1ea1t x\u1ed1p, c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eed m\u00e0u v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf (d\u1ea7u b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n, parafin, th\u1ea1ch d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf) v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

7. Montmorillonite d\u1ea1ng vi\u00ean<\/p>\n

Montmorillonite d\u1ea1ng vi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kho\u00e1ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng hai chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c cation v\u00f4 c\u01a1 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ion h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (ph\u00e2n t\u1eed) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o montmorillonite. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang l\u1edbn, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ed9 axit b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

8. Gel bentonite<\/a><\/p>\n

Gel v\u00f4 c\u01a1 Bentonite<\/a> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m keo c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi bentonite l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tinh ch\u1ebf, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i natri, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i phosphat v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o gel. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m tinh ch\u1ebf qu\u1eb7ng th\u00f4 bentonite<\/a>. C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh: bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i natri, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o gel.<\/p>\n

Gel v\u00f4 c\u01a1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn s\u00e2u bentonite<\/a> c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t thixotropic, ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c, ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o huy\u1ec1n ph\u00f9, ch\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v.v. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9, th\u1ee7y tinh, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fac. , pin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bentonite, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “bentonite” ho\u1eb7c “bentonite”, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t phi kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi montmorillonite l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf illite, kaolinite, zeolite, fenspat v\u00e0 canxit v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":130913,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-130950","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130950","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=130950"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130950\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/130913"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=130950"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=130950"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=130950"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}