{"id":131097,"date":"2024-03-04T14:44:53","date_gmt":"2024-03-04T06:44:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/131097\/"},"modified":"2024-03-04T14:44:55","modified_gmt":"2024-03-04T06:44:55","slug":"tim-hieu-ve-silicon-den-va-ung-dung-cua-no","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/131097\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 silicon \u0111en v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i t\u00ean silicon \u0111en l\u00e0 do m\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111en. Do c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, silicon<\/a> \u0111en c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 g\u1ea7n 100% \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1edbi v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u00edt \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 n\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111en \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u silicon<\/a> \u0111en \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn quang \u0111i\u1ec7n (b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch s\u00f3ng quang, camera ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh nhi\u1ec7t, v.v.), ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 camera \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng y\u1ebfu ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf d\u1ea3i k\u00e9p nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 c\u1eadn h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i, mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch to l\u1edbn cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. \u0110\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec7n \u00edch.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a silicon<\/a> \u0111en l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 kh\u00e1 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 g\u00f3c r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi quang ph\u1ed5 r\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a silicon<\/a> \u0111en th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t d\u01b0\u1edbi 10%, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nano ho\u1eb7c d\u00e2y nano. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 trung b\u00ecnh xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 3% b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd tinh x\u1ea3o silicon<\/a>, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a silicon \u0111en \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nanocone s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng laser femtosecond \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p, l\u1ed7, d\u00e2y nano v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

Sau nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m th\u0103m d\u00f2, nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp cho c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd silicon<\/a> \u0111en. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p laser femto gi\u00e2y, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ion ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p axit, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec1m, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kim lo\u1ea1i, v.v. M\u1ed7i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh quang h\u1ecdc s\u1eb5n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 silicon<\/a> \u0111en \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf silicon<\/a> c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng laser femto gi\u00e2y v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf m\u00e0u \u0111en. Mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1eaby \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 silicon<\/a> c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u silicon<\/a> m\u00e0u \u0111en.<\/p>\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a silicon<\/a> x\u1ed1p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00fac x\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t silicon<\/a> c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u00e1y d\u00f2 b\u1ed1n g\u00f3c ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0, sao cho m\u1ed7i g\u00f3c ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng quang ph\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi, silicon<\/a> \u0111en c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y s\u00e1ng c\u1ef1c cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m l\u1edbp h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch s\u00f3ng quang; s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 g\u00f3c r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a silicon \u0111en. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1ea3i ph\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i; C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00ecnh ch\u00f3p c\u1ee7a silicon<\/a> \u0111en c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi n\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Silicon<\/a> \u0111en c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ph\u00e1t quang tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. Do \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ph\u00e1t quang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1t quang; s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang c\u1ef1c cao c\u1ee7a silicon<\/a> \u0111en, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh r\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u silicon.<\/p>\n

Trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u silicon<\/a> \u0111en \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t quang \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi silicon tinh th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 wafer silicon<\/a> c\u1eaft d\u00e2y kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u1edbp h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1eaft wafer silicon \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m silicon \u0111\u01a1n tinh th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c \u0111a tinh th\u1ec3 m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh quang \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i quang \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o quang \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 g\u00f3c r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 n\u00e2ng cao. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 silicon<\/a> \u0111en cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 silicon \u0111en cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":131062,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-131097","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131097","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=131097"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131097\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/131062"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=131097"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=131097"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=131097"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}