{"id":131477,"date":"2024-04-01T14:14:56","date_gmt":"2024-04-01T06:14:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/131477\/"},"modified":"2024-04-01T14:14:57","modified_gmt":"2024-04-01T06:14:57","slug":"5-loai-chat-bien-tinh-be-mat-thuong-dung-cho-dat-set-cao-lanh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/131477\/","title":{"rendered":"5 lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng cho \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t cao lanh"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Sau khi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, b\u1ed9t cao lanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ef5 n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c polymer, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite g\u1ed1c polymer nh\u01b0 nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 cao su.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a cao lanh l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean k\u1ebft silane, silicon<\/a> h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (d\u1ea7u) ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ef1a silicon, ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1.<\/p>\n

1. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t cao lanh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n

(1) Ch\u1ea5t gh\u00e9p silane
\nCh\u1ea5t li\u00ean k\u1ebft silane l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t cho ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n cao lanh. Do R c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean k\u1ebft silane l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m h\u1eefu c\u01a1 n\u00ean cao lanh nung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ma tr\u1eadn h\u1eefu c\u01a1 nh\u01b0 cao su v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a sau khi bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. . Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cao lanh bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n trong cao su, nh\u00f3m R s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed cao su trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u01b0u h\u00f3a, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed cao lanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ma tr\u1eadn cao su.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t gh\u00e9p silane t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. N\u00f3i chung, b\u1ed9t cao lanh v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean k\u1ebft silan \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1eb5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u00e1y c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c theo \u0111\u1ee3t.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 x\u1eed l\u00fd cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t) c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t cao lanh, lo\u1ea1i, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean k\u1ebft silane, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian. v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. Ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n

(2) D\u1ea7u silicon<\/a>
\nNgo\u00e0i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean k\u1ebft silane, cao lanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n cho d\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e1p (nh\u01b0 polyvinyl clorua) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea7u silicon<\/a> 1% -3%. Quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean k\u1ebft silane.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9t cao lanh nung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea7u silicon<\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n cho d\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u00e1p. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 k\u1ef5 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt v\u00e0 l\u1ea1nh. C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

(3) Axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1 ch\u01b0a no
\nC\u00e1c axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng b\u00e3o h\u00f2a, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 axit oxalic, axit sebacic, axit dicarboxylic, v.v., c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t cao lanh amin h\u00f3a. Cao lanh bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n cho nylon 66, v.v.<\/p>\n

(4) Ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t cation
\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5, octadecylamine c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t cao lanh. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t cao lanh th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 v\u1eadt l\u00fd. T\u00ednh k\u1ef5 n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a cao lanh bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c amin h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

(5) Ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00f4 c\u01a1
\nTitanium dioxide, canxi cacbonat, canxi sunfat, v.v. c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a cao lanh nung. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trong dung d\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc. Sau khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4, thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao lanh nung v\u1edbi l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 titan dioxide tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

2. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t cao lanh<\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i, li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 xem x\u00e9t d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 th\u00ec t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa hai ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh, gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh cao lanh nung v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n cho cao su v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e1p, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t;<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cao lanh bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng cho cao su th\u00ec khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh v\u00e0 cao lanh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed cao su. , ch\u1ec9 khi c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a th\u00ec b\u1ed9 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n gh\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t ngo\u00e0i mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 b\u1ed5 sung c\u1ee7a hai t\u1eeb b\u1ed5 ngh\u0129a. .<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hi\u1ec7n nay, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a cao lanh l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":131440,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-131477","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131477","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=131477"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131477\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/131440"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=131477"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=131477"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=131477"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}