{"id":131582,"date":"2024-04-10T14:10:50","date_gmt":"2024-04-10T06:10:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/131582\/"},"modified":"2024-04-10T14:10:51","modified_gmt":"2024-04-10T06:10:51","slug":"do-dan-nhiet-cua-vat-lieu-giao-dien-nhiet-co-lien-quan-den-chat-don","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/131582\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng 5G, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi, v.v. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00fang c\u00f2n c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea7y ma tr\u1eadn polymer b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n polyme t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p (kho\u1ea3ng 0,2W\/(m\u00b7K)). Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh: ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t kim lo\u1ea1i, ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u carbon v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00f4 c\u01a1.<\/p>\n

Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t kim lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed9t v\u00e0ng, b\u1ed9t b\u1ea1c, b\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng, b\u1ed9t nh\u00f4m, b\u1ed9t k\u1ebdm, b\u1ed9t niken v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u carbon nh\u00ecn chung c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ef1c cao, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n kim lo\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n carbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p polymer g\u1ed1c carbon. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u carbon th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m than ch\u00ec, \u1ed1ng nano carbon, graphene, than ch\u00ec m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, s\u1ee3i carbon v\u00e0 mu\u1ed9i than. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, \u1ed1ng nano carbon c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t 3100-3500W\/(m\u00b7K) v\u00e0 graphene c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t 2000-5200W\/(m\u00b7K), khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n g\u1ed1m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p. Ch\u00fang hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n g\u1ed1m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m oxit v\u00e0 nitrua. C\u00e1c oxit bao g\u1ed3m Al2O3, ZnO, MgO, v.v.; nitrit bao g\u1ed3m: AlN, BN, v.v..<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u, d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng v\u1ea3y. So v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng chi\u1ec1u, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u (nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng nano carbon, s\u1ee3i carbon, v.v.) v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u hai chi\u1ec1u (nh\u01b0 graphene, boron nitride l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c, alumina d\u1ea1ng m\u1ea3nh, v.v.) v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 khung h\u00ecnh c\u1ef1c cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n cho vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n phonon, gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac giao di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ea1ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y cao n\u00ean ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p>\n

K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a composite d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

Khi ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 nhau, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n c\u1ee1 h\u1ea1t l\u1edbn c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n c\u1ee1 h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do c\u00f3 \u00edt ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a giao di\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp k\u00edn, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i c\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 phonon b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea1t-nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t-h\u1ea1t. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p polymer, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng nano boron nitride, graphene, v.v..<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t trong ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u giao di\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":131546,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-131582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131582","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=131582"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131582\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/131546"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=131582"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=131582"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=131582"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}