{"id":131802,"date":"2024-04-24T16:18:32","date_gmt":"2024-04-24T08:18:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/131802\/"},"modified":"2024-04-24T16:18:33","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T08:18:33","slug":"tam-quan-trong-cua-bot-doi-voi-gom-su-cao-cap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/131802\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 cao c\u1ea5p"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp trong \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a chung c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn l\u00e0: s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao, si\u00eau m\u1ecbn l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4, c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, \u00e2m thanh, quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i. G\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n, sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c oxit ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng oxit bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i (Al, Zr, Ca, v.v.) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 phi kim lo\u1ea1i (O, C, Si, B, v.v.). Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft ion v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft li\u00ean k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, hai kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i: \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 silicon<\/a>, canxi, s\u1eaft, natri v\u00e0 kali th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong alumina c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao. S\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t s\u1eaft s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thi\u00eau k\u1ebft c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111en v\u00e0 s\u1eabm m\u00e0u; t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t natri v\u00e0 kali s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, l\u00e0m cho t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m; v\u00e0 hai t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho h\u1ea1t nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u00eau k\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi g\u1ed1m trong su\u1ed1t, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t trong b\u1ed9t g\u1ed1m s\u1ebd tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 \u201cm\u00f9\u201d c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1m trong su\u1ed1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 hai r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00e2n g\u1ed1m, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c t\u00e2m t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1m. Trong g\u1ed1m nitrit nh\u01b0 silicon<\/a> nitrit v\u00e0 nh\u00f4m nitrit, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t oxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

X\u00e9t v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7. Trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 “c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao” m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 thi\u00eau k\u1ebft. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c chia t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n pha<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i chung, b\u1ed9t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng pha v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i pha trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u00eau k\u1ebft. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f4i khi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i pha th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9, nh\u01b0ng trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i pha kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u00eau k\u1ebft g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9.<\/p>\n

K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i chung, c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u00e0ng m\u1ecbn th\u00ec c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. B\u1edfi v\u00ec theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft thi\u00eau k\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t (ho\u1eb7c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh). C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf th\u00ec c\u00e0ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u00eau k\u1ebft. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, do di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang cao, b\u1ed9t nh\u00f4m nitrit si\u00eau m\u1ecbn s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c thi\u00eau k\u1ebft trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u00eau k\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u00eau k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t g\u1ed1m c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac v\u00e0 thi\u00eau k\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp theo. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o h\u1ea1t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed9t t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ed9t g\u1ed1m h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1m trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac v\u00e0 thi\u00eau k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t trung b\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u00eau k\u1ebft g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9. Do c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u00eau k\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00ean c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t th\u00f4 h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t th\u00f4 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn h\u1ea1t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, g\u1ed1m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp trong \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":131766,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-131802","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131802","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=131802"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131802\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/131766"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=131802"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=131802"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=131802"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}