{"id":133053,"date":"2024-07-24T10:12:15","date_gmt":"2024-07-24T02:12:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/133053\/"},"modified":"2024-07-24T10:12:16","modified_gmt":"2024-07-24T02:12:16","slug":"bien-doi-be-mat-cua-vat-lieu-cuc-duong-than-chi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/133053\/","title":{"rendered":"Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng than ch\u00ec"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Than ch\u00ec l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho pin lithium-ion \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Sau ba th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, than ch\u00ec v\u1eabn l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Than ch\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp t\u1ed1t, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo h\u00ecnh l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng hai chi\u1ec1u. L\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m cho pin lithium-ion, than ch\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao k\u00e9m v\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, c\u00e1c ion lithium h\u00f2a tan s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1edbp xen k\u1ebd than ch\u00ec, b\u1ecb kh\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y th\u00e0nh t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t m\u1edbi, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf th\u1ec3 t\u00edch, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp than ch\u00ec v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chu tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i than ch\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ri\u00eang thu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng SEI, t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a than ch\u00ec v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chu tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Hi\u1ec7n nay, vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m than ch\u00ec ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec1n bi c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, x\u1eed l\u00fd oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 halogen h\u00f3a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, pha t\u1ea1p nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p phay b\u00f3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u1ec1n bi c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m than ch\u00ec b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c ion lithium.<\/p>\n

1. Gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t: Phay bi c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t than ch\u00ec, do \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m than ch\u00ec c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion lithium v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a pin.<\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c pha m\u1edbi: Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n bi, c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t than ch\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i pha do l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c pha m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 pha h\u00ecnh thoi.<\/p>\n

3. T\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p: Nghi\u1ec1n bi c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c vi l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t than ch\u00ec. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 k\u00eanh d\u1eabn nhanh cho c\u00e1c ion lithium, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion lithium c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a pin.<\/p>\n

4. C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n: M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n bi c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a than ch\u00ec, nh\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng, s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m than ch\u00ec v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee7 h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a pin.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 halogen h\u00f3a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 halogen h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m than ch\u00ec.<\/p>\n

1. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a pha kh\u00ed v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a pha l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n

2. Halogen h\u00f3a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng qua x\u1eed l\u00fd halogen h\u00f3a, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac C-F \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t than ch\u00ec t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a than ch\u00ec v\u00e0 ng\u0103n c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh than ch\u00ec r\u01a1i ra trong chu k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m than ch\u00ec ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u carbon, kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c phi kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 oxit c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 polymer. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ri\u00eang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t Coulomb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chu k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

1. L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u carbon<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t l\u1edbp cacbon v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean l\u1edbp than ch\u00ec b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite C\/C c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u201cl\u00f5i-v\u1ecf\u201d, \u0111\u1ec3 cacbon v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi dung m\u00f4i, tr\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa dung m\u00f4i v\u00e0 than ch\u00ec, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 bong tr\u00f3c l\u1edbp than ch\u00ec do s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed dung m\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

2. Kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c phi kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 oxit c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang<\/p>\n

Kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 oxit c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c oxit kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t than ch\u00ec. L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion lithium trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 oxit phi kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 Al2O3, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 Al2O3 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t than ch\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion lithium v\u00e0 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111u\u00f4i gai lithium, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u than ch\u00ec.<\/p>\n

3. L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 polymer<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c oxit v\u00f4 c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 kim lo\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t gi\u00f2n, kh\u00f3 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng than ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 mu\u1ed1i axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1 ch\u1ee9a li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i cacbon-cacbon c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Than ch\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp t\u1ed1t, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo h\u00ecnh l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng hai chi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":133017,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-133053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133053"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=133053"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133053\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":133054,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133053\/revisions\/133054"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/133017"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=133053"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=133053"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=133053"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}