{"id":133286,"date":"2024-08-05T13:48:54","date_gmt":"2024-08-05T05:48:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/133286\/"},"modified":"2024-08-05T13:48:55","modified_gmt":"2024-08-05T05:48:55","slug":"phat-trien-nhua-nhiet-ran-bien-tinh-graphene","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/133286\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec7t r\u1eafn bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh graphene"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Graphene l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1eb3ng hai chi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed5 ong bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp nguy\u00ean t\u1eed carbon \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i theo ki\u1ec3u lai sp2. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t mang cao, \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n s\u00e1ng cao, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang cao, m\u00f4 \u0111un Young cao, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n g\u00e3y cao, v.v. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn graphene tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec7t r\u1eafn. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec7t r\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1eeb ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n do nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n ri\u00eang cao, m\u00f4 \u0111un ri\u00eang l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ed9t graphene: bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t graphene ho\u1eb7c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t graphene \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t graphene trong ma tr\u1eadn nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nh\u00f3m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi graphene th\u00f4ng qua x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u03c0-\u03c0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i graphene hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a graphene m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a graphene ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ma tr\u1eadn nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec7t r\u1eafn kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed9t graphene c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u trong nh\u1ef1a m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ma tr\u1eadn nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n gia c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi, graphene c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u trong ma tr\u1eadn nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec7t r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite, do \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite g\u1ed1c nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec7t r\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n

Graphene c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec7t r\u1eafn, gi\u00fap v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u00f4 t\u00f4.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung oxit graphene s\u1ebd c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00edch nhi\u1ec7t, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite xu\u1ed1ng 62,08%. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung oxit graphene c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra l\u1edbp carbon trong ma tr\u1eadn trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1eaft b\u1ecf, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 than h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ma tr\u1eadn v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n nhi\u1ec7t lan t\u1ecfa v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eaft b\u1ecf tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng c\u1eaft b\u1ecf c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n

Graphene l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u carbon c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ong hai chi\u1ec1u bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed carbon lai h\u00f3a sp2. C\u00e1c electron \u03c0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng li\u00ean h\u1ee3p, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u00ednh di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c electron. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, d\u1ea3i d\u1eabn v\u00e0 d\u1ea3i h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a graphene ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m Dirac, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c electron c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa d\u1ea3i h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 d\u1ea3i d\u1eabn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, do \u0111\u00f3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y graphene c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n<\/p>\n

Nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec7t r\u1eafn l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ma tr\u1eadn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng r\u1eafn s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng ho\u1eb7c khe h\u1edf nh\u1ecf, l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a graphene c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n th\u00eam c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0103n m\u00f2n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t khi ch\u00fang ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng do \u0103n m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng cho l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 n\u1ec1n kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec7t r\u1eafn bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh graphene<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec7t r\u1eafn bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh graphene ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phun tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1edbn (nh\u01b0 t\u00e0u l\u1edbn, b\u1ec7 n\u1ed5i, tua bin gi\u00f3, v.v.) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd; trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec7t r\u1eafn bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh graphene c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n trong h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ed9t graphene: bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean k\u1ebft phi c\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":133249,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-133286","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133286"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=133286"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133286\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":133287,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133286\/revisions\/133287"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/133249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=133286"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=133286"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=133286"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}