{"id":133422,"date":"2024-08-12T16:22:29","date_gmt":"2024-08-12T08:22:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/133422\/"},"modified":"2024-08-12T16:22:30","modified_gmt":"2024-08-12T08:22:30","slug":"xu-ly-be-mat-soi-carbon-nang-cao-hieu-suat-vat-lieu-composite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/133422\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i carbon: n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

S\u1ee3i carbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb s\u1ee3i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 90%. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i v\u00f4 c\u01a1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. S\u1ee3i carbon kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u carbon m\u00e0 c\u00f2n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i d\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i gia c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gia c\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. Do c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 than ch\u00ec, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 tr\u01a1 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 th\u1ea5m nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1ef1a, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i carbon, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i carbon, kh\u1eafc r\u00e3nh tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i carbon ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng si\u00eau nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i carbon, t\u0103ng nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i carbon, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u1ea5m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc h\u01a1n, do \u0111\u00f3 giao di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i carbon, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m oxy h\u00f3a pha kh\u00ed, oxy h\u00f3a pha l\u1ecfng, oxy h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a, x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh, x\u1eed l\u00fd plasma, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh gh\u00e9p, v.v. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, oxy h\u00f3a pha kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 oxy h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o s\u1ee3i carbon v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite g\u1ed1c nh\u1ef1a gia c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee3i carbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng oxy h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

(1) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p oxy h\u00f3a pha kh\u00ed<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p oxy h\u00f3a pha kh\u00ed bao g\u1ed3m oxy h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, oxy h\u00f3a ozon, v.v.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p oxy h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i carbon trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 oxy h\u00f3a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i carbon b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Sau khi oxy h\u00f3a, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i carbon tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i carbon t\u0103ng l\u00ean, c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n

(2) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p oxy h\u00f3a pha l\u1ecfng<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p oxy h\u00f3a pha l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng axit nitric \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c, axit sunfuric \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1eb7c, hydro peroxide v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi s\u1ee3i carbon trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m carboxyl, hydroxyl v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n

(3) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p oxy h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a<\/p>\n

Oxy h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i carbon b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i carbon l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 than ch\u00ec, t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5m niken l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c \u00e2m d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n DC v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch axit, ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd oxy h\u00f3a \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eafc oxy h\u00f3a t\u1eebng l\u1edbp v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

(4) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng k\u00e9p trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, cho ph\u00e9p n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i, trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi nh\u1ef1a. Th\u00f4ng qua ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trung gian h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ee3i, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

(5) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd plasma<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 plasma ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, rung \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao, s\u00f3ng xung k\u00edch v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra plasma trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed tr\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a oxy \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

(6) C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gh\u00e9p<\/p>\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gh\u00e9p c\u00e1c nano-kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a silicon<\/a> carbide, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh giao di\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa s\u1ee3i carbon v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite s\u1ee3i carbon m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ma s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u0129a phanh.<\/p>\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i carbon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u composite.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111i k\u00e8m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":133385,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-133422","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133422"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=133422"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133422\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":133423,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/133422\/revisions\/133423"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/133385"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=133422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=133422"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=133422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}