{"id":134887,"date":"2024-11-04T15:26:02","date_gmt":"2024-11-04T07:26:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/134887\/"},"modified":"2024-11-04T15:26:03","modified_gmt":"2024-11-04T07:26:03","slug":"san-xuat-bot-silica-hinh-cau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/134887\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t Silica h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9t silic h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao, h\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t m\u1ecbn, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf th\u1ea5p. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong bao b\u00ec m\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u1ed9t silic h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u: ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p phun n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p plasma v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p t\u1ef1 lan truy\u1ec1n. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p pha kh\u00ed, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p pha l\u1ecfng (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p sol-gel, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u0169 t\u01b0\u01a1ng si\u00eau nh\u1ecf), ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, v.v.<\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t silic h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd t\u1eebng kh\u00e2u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t silic h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 b\u1ed9t silic n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c tinh th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t silic h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1ed9t silic g\u00f3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch qu\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a, ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00ed, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch gia nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sau khi gia nhi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4<\/p>\n

Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn b\u1ed9t silic g\u00f3c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 b\u1ed9t silic g\u00f3c si\u00eau m\u1ecbn, s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra do n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ed9t vi silic g\u00f3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t vi silic h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, th\u1eddi gian l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1 cao, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn b\u1ed9t h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao v\u00e0 k\u1ebft t\u1ee5, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t vi silic h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 trong nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5p<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t vi silic h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p, ch\u1ec9 khi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 (nh\u01b0 urani U, thori Th, v.v.) r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p th\u00ec s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t vi silic h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 hai li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t vi silic h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u b\u1ed9t vi silic h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u – b\u1ed9t vi silic g\u00f3c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 b\u1ed9t vi silic g\u00f3c si\u00eau m\u1ecbn, v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u1eed l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bay h\u01a1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra c\u1eb7n cacbon trong b\u1ed9t vi silic h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i mu\u1ed9n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t vi silic h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u. Khi b\u1ed9t vi silic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n v\u00f4 c\u01a1 v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi nh\u1ef1a h\u1eefu c\u01a1, c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch k\u00e9m v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u1ea9m k\u00e9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 bao b\u00ec m\u1ea1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n, do \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft giao di\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa b\u1ed9t vi silic v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u polyme h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, n\u00f3i chung c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t vi silic.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9t silic h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 b\u1ed9t silic d\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea1ng n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":134849,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[852],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-134887","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cong-nghiep-tin-tuc-vi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/134887","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=134887"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/134887\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":134888,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/134887\/revisions\/134888"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/134849"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=134887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=134887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alpapowder.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=134887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}